Project 21 – Chad: Sudanese Emergency | Border Monitoring Comparative Analysis – Displacement and protection dynamics related to the Sudanese crisis (April 2023 – March 2026)

Countries: Chad, Sudan Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees Please refer to the attached file. 1. General Context and Framework for Analysis Since the outbreak of the armed conflict in Sudan in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), the region has been facing a major displacement crisis. The intensification and prolongation of the fighting has led to a widespread deterioration of the security and humanitarian situation, particularly in Darfur and in the border areas. Over time, civilian populations have faced serious violations of rights including the right to life, disruption of essential services, and limited access to economic opportunities and livelihoods. This situation has forced many households to flee to neighboring countries, including Chad, to seek international protection. Eastern Chad serves as a major destination for displacement flows from Sudan, particularly in the provinces of Ouaddaï, Wadi Fira, Ennedi Est and Sila, through the main entry points of Adré, Tiné, Kariari and Adé. Project 21 (P21) border monitoring documents displacement dynamics based on profiles, reasons for departure and protection risks. Over three time periods (April 2023 – March 2024, April 2024 – March 2025 and April 2025 – March 2026), more than 67, 000 households, representing more than 213, 000 individuals, were interviewed at ports of entry and transit sites. This report provides a comparative analysis of the three periods in order to identify the evolution of displacement dynamics, profiles and protection risks.

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