Please refer to the attached file. A. SITUATION ANALYSIS Description of the crisis The 2025 monsoon season brought exceptionally heavy rainfall across Pakistan, triggering flash floods, riverine flooding, urban inundation, landslides and localized Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs), particularly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Punjab, Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and Sindh. As of 18 September 2025, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) reported that the floods affected approximately 6. 9 million people nationwide and resulted in more than 1, 000 deaths and over 1, 000 injuries. Moreover, the floods caused widespread destruction of homes, public infrastructure, agricultural land and essential services. The NDMA reported that more than 229, 000 houses, 2, 800 kilometers of roads and 790 bridges were damaged, significantly disrupting livelihoods, access to markets, healthcare, education and basic services across affected provinces. Over the past 12 months, floodwater has receded and most displaced families have returned to their areas of origin. As a result, humanitarian needs have evolved from immediate lifesaving assistance towards recovery and resilience-building interventions. However, many flood-affected households continue to face challenges in restoring livelihoods, repairing damaged homes, recovering agricultural production and accessing safe water and essential services. Findings from the Detailed Needs Assessment (DNA) conducted by PRCS and IFRC identified livelihoods recovery, health, WASH, shelter rehabilitation and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) as the key remaining priorities for the affected communities. The recovery process, however, continues to be affected by the recurring impacts of climate-related hazards. Pakistan remains among the countries most vulnerable to climate-induced disasters, with increasing exposure to extreme rainfall events, floods, heatwaves, landslides and GLOFs. The ongoing 2026 monsoon season has again highlighted these risks, as several parts of the country experienced heavy rainfall, localized flooding and weather-related incidents during the season. The NDMA’s seasonal outlook identified elevated risks of flash flooding, riverine flooding, landslides and GLOFs in vulnerable districts, particularly in the northern mountainous areas and along major river systems. According to NDMA’s Disaster Vulnerability Scan for July to September 2026, Pakistan continues to face compound climate risks driven by extreme weather patterns, including glacier melt and recurring monsoon hazards, while exposed communities remain vulnerable due to damaged infrastructure, limited preparedness capacity and fragile livelihoods. While the scale of humanitarian needs has decreased compared to the peak of the emergency, recovery remains uneven, particularly among low-income households, women-headed households, Persons with Disabilities (PWDs), older persons and communities living in remote and hazard-prone areas. Continued investments in livelihood restoration, health services, resilient WASH systems, community preparedness and climate adaptation measures remain essential to reduce vulnerability and strengthen community resilience against future disasters.
Pakistan Monsoon Floods 2025 – Operation Update #5 (MDRPK028)
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